Frequently Asked Questions

Under Section 4581(a)(2), it is the driver’s obligation to make sure that all passengers are properly secured. The driver should be cited with a violating Section 4581(a)(2)(ii). According to Section 4581(b), the fine is $10.

This is not a violation.

According to Section 1503(c)(2.1), a junior driver in his/her first six months may only carry one additional passenger, unless the additional passengers are immediate family members. This provision does not apply if the junior driver is accompanied by a parent or legal guardian.

Section 1503(c)(2.1) defines immediate family as brothers, sisters, stepbrothers, or stepsisters of the driver, including adopted or foster children residing in the same household as the junior driver. Cousins, in-laws, and more distant relations are not covered by this exception.

The driver should be charged with violating Section 1503(c)(2.1). It is a summary offense that carries the catch-all fine of $25 found at Section 6502(a).

The junior driver can only carry one non-family passenger for six months from the issuance of his junior license. After that, he/she can only carry three non-family passengers until his/her 18th birthday.

Yes, if he/she is responsible for a reportable accident under Section 3746(a) or if he/she is convicted of any Vehicle Code violation.

Yes. The driver should be charged with violating Section 4581(a)(3). The fine is $10. Note that for this charge, it doesn’t matter whether passengers are over 18 and/or family members of the driver.